Study reveals what women want from IT jobs

The typical recruiters sales pitch emphasizing job promotion and security acts to keep women out of the information technology jobs, according to a Penn State research study of 92 female IT practitioners.

Human-resources personnel need to recognize that women have diverse values and motivations throughout their careers and tailor hiring and retention practices to fit those needs, said Eileen Trauth, professor of information sciences and technology in Penn State’s College of Information Sciences and Technology, who authored the paper What Do Women Want": An Investigation of Career Anchors among Women in the IT Workforce.

While women represent almost 60 percent of the workforce, they account for only a little more than 32 percent of the IT workforce. Addressing women’s under-representation not only will help tackle the anticipated IT worker shortage but will help foster a diverse workforce, a cornerstone of both innovation and economic development, she added.

Traditional models for understanding workers have focused on "career anchors," or the factors that motivate individuals‚ career choices. For their study, the researchers focused on three of those anchors–-technical competence, managerial competence and organizational security-–and interviewed women from a variety of racial and ethnic identities, ages and backgrounds. The women work in IT positions ranging from CIO and upper-level managers to Web developers and IT administrators.

Among the researchers’ findings are: Contrary to traditional theories, none of those anchors alone was a deciding factor in the women’s career choices. While about 30 percent indicated they valued careers that afforded them opportunities to perfect skills in technical areas, others said they wanted careers with managerial opportunities. In addition, there was little overlap among the women who reported that managers give up technical skills to develop management skills.

Twenty-eight of the women in this study expressed sentiments aligned with the technical competence career anchor. These
women spoke about valuing a career that afforded them opportunities to gain proficiency or to perfect skills in technical areas.

“[Working in IT] is a place where I can get control that a child from a dysfunctional family wants," a 49 year-old IT operations architect, who had a traumatic childhood said. "I can make order. I can put those damn cards in the right order. I can get the syntax perfect. I can run it and have it compile cleanly. There are all of these tidiness control things that are so beautiful about programming and a computer program will not betray you. It does the same damn thing every time”

Eighteen of the women in this study also expressed sentiments aligned with the managerial competence career anchor. Specifically, these women spoke about valuing a career that afforded them the opportunity to supervise, manage, and coordinate the work of others.

“I am really interested in becoming an IT manager or business analyst," a 34 year-old application analyst said. "I do not think that I want to code for much longer. … I like the solution piece of IT, but keeping up with the nuts and bolts and all that, I really do not enjoy that”

Several of the women spoke about the importance of earning graduate degrees in order to move into management.

“My parents said we are [only] paying for four years of school and I could not become a lawyer in four years", 48 year-old CIO said. " I just said okay, well I want to make a lot of money and so what is the next best thing? And I did the research and the computing industry was the next big booming thing”

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Just like we see articles in

Just like we see articles in computer programming in men's magazines? (i.e. Maxim, Men's Health, Playboy, and Esquire)

It's attitudes like yours that are part of the problem.

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software in magazines

of course we don't see articles about programming in Playboy. but, take for example a magazine like Popular Mechanics. that's not an IT mag, per se, but it does frequently touch on computer and software issues. how many women read Popular Mechanics? I don't know, but just by looking at the letters to the editor, I'd say it's not many.

until more women realize that being good at IT requires some (technical) extra-curricular involvement that you don't get paid for, they are never going to be as succesfull at it. it's the same in most demanding fields. the best athletes don't quit as soon as practice is over and say "plumbers don't go home and plumb".

personally, I'd love to see more women in IT. it's depressing what a sausage-fest most IT shops are. but, I don't want to water down the field by hiring underqualified women just because somebody in HR thinks diversity for diversity's sake will improve the product.

you can't write software with soft skills. period.

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I hate to say it, but ITguy

I hate to say it, but ITguy is right about the drawbacks to IT jobs. We women often want more of a balance in our lives between personal/family time and work time. In many ways the industry is geared toward single men, or married men whose role is limited almost solely to earning money. The demands on your "off" hours are so heavy and require such crazy hours that there's not much room for anyone who has other obligations. The first time an IT worker is called in at 3 a.m. for a server problem or suddenly has to stay late and arrange emergency babysitting, s/he will know what I mean.

Compounding the problem, everything from IT articles to coworkers to customers assumes that IT workers are male until proven otherwise. Women IT workers are being constantly reminded, both on and off the job, that we are different. We can't just relax and do our job, because we are treated as women first, and then as IT workers... but only after proving we don't fit the stereotypes of female technological ineptitude.

Lastly, we do our girls (and society in general) a serious disservice by channeling them into stereotypical "women's" careers such as secretary, nursing, etc. Such careers pay significantly less than stereotypical "men's" careers or those with more gender equality. Since society tells our females in countless ways what their "place" is (ever seen a male actor in a commercial for household cleaners?) we are much more easily discouraged if we run into problems or there are no mentors expressly encouraging us to explore non-traditional careers. Girls miss out by being directed away from what could have been rewarding and lucrative careers, and we all miss out from having only slightly more than half our society participating in the technologies.

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I'm sure that isn't really

I'm sure that isn't really true. At the end of the day I wanna escape from work probably worse than most people. I think the more likely reason is women find IT stuff boring or lame.

Guy's fantasy

Isn't it the guy fantasy to have a girlfriend that like computers and games. If i had a girl that likes rpg games or action games, i would be pretty happy :)

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Wrong...

I think you are making some biased remarks there. The "soft skills" you speak of are not more prominent in men or women. I know many guys that have those "soft skills" and many that don't, however there are just as many women who don't have those skills.

Right...

"I think you are making some biased remarks there. The "soft skills" you speak of are not more prominent in men or women. I know many guys that have those "soft skills" and many that don't, however there are just as many women who don't have those skills."

Don't take my word for it, do some research and you'll find that it's a known fact that more women do have these skills. You are right though, it's not all women, but a higher proportion than men...

passion rules the product of your labor

During my career as a software developer I have found that MOST women get into IT for the money. They have no other motivation than that. Men, on the other hand generally have a passion for the work. This type of person is very hard to work with when you genuinely enjoy the work that you do. I have no respect for someone who "chooses" a career based on earning potential. Doing something just for the money makes you a whore whether you are male or female.

hopper hopping mad...

I won't generalize about men in general but you in particular are boorish. How dare you characterize women in IT as "getting into it for the money". I know, men get into IT jobs because they're hoping to save the world. Give me a break...

Well, yeah ...

I did actually get into technology because I want to make the world a better place ...

If you're in it for the money, you're not going to be up to par.

*agrees* too many women here

*agrees*

too many women here are getting defensive... if you care why don't you code something that actually takes a representative statistical sample and get some accurate results and write an article about it. 60% of the workforce lol thats preposterous.

your comment is not

your comment is not believable. tech women are just as passion driven and tech men are just as dollar driven. i have no respect for someone who "chooses" a worldview based on stereotypes.

re: Response to "Women in IT"

itwoman, I am not trying to belittle females in the IT field. I am speaking from the experience seven of my friends and my own in the IT workplace. I have been close to these people since elementary school in the mid 80's and have seen them grow through college into their professional IT careers. I am in my early 30's, am college educated and clear $125k/yr as a unix sysadmin and work a normal 45 hour work week. My friends range from the high 90's for programmers to $220k/yr for CIO of a hospital I won't name. Not all of these people were gamers, but had interests in building and repairing computers and electronics. Not suprisingly we all benefitted from software piracy and trading. 18 months before MS Windows 3.0 was release, we were running the beta at home. We were learning AutoCad because we didn't have the $5000, but we did have a copy ][ pc board. We thirsted for knowledge and were lucky to have a school system and community that supported our hunger.

The problem I see is that many women equate IT to engineering, math and computer science, when in reality it is much more pragmatic in nature than what they may think. I think that this is an educational problem that starts at the middle school level. If young women realized that IT can be the lifeblood and heartbeat of many organizations, they might be interested in it as a career. IT is not computer science. IT is not software engineering. IT is a pragmatic living organism of machines and the people that mold them and deal with their care and feeding.

I agree that community college is a wonderful resource.

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Hmmm, so women make up 60% of the workforce ...

So, if the article is to be believed, women make up 60% of the workforce but still believe they are underrepresented?

Whose statistics are we to believ?

Hmmm, so you can't read but you can type....

Maybe you didn't "get it" the first time so here it is again:

"While women represent almost 60 percent of the workforce, they account for only a little more than 32 percent of the IT workforce."

Let me break that down for you. Women represent almost 60% of the total workforce. Women represent a little more than 32% of the *IT* workforce.

You're not supposed to "believe" the statistics. You're supposed to read the article....

So what if they only

So what if they only represent < 32% of IT. This is a problem because.....?

I wonder how much % of women

I wonder how much % of women work as secretaries and why nobody is complaining that they are over saturating the market.

OR how many women work as clerks, or strippers.

deal with it, different genders have different skillsets and there are different volumes of workers per field.

So you don't see a problem ...

So, itwoman, you don't see a problem that with the claim that women make up 60% of the workforce, yet so many feminists are jabbering on about how women still make up less than 50% of the workforce.

It's kind of like how women have been held back from getting an education, yet they make up more than 50% of college students.

I see hypocrisy and it's all around me.

"Specifically, these women

"Specifically, these women spoke about valuing a career that afforded them the opportunity to supervise, manage, and coordinate the work of others."

It's not about the computers and shit. They just want to be the boss of someone. But IT isn't the type of career where females can easily bullshit their way into management like with human resources or marketing.

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Disagree... completely

You stated that, "The female mind thrives better where it can practice dissimulation, gossip, chicanery, etc."

That would be like me saying, "The male mind thrives best when it can intimidate and create a poisonous atmosphere where women feel uncomfortable working." and of course, that would *never* happen.

your small estimation of the

your small estimation of the female mind indicates clearly your lack of experience with women.

get back to your code cave, little boy, so we women of IT can get busy rendering you obsolete with our "chicanery" skills

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bad attitude

You need to keep your stereotypes in check. The problem for women in IT is that they ARE interested and qualified... then they land in a workplace with someone like you who refuses to take them seriously or allow them the opportunity to excel.

Gender inequality in IT is not a contrived "feminazi complaint" - there is NOTHING weighing tech-ability in favor of men except and old boy's club mentality perpetuated by misogynists like you.

Qualified Women

Don't get me wrong I feel there are qualified women for the job.

Just the % is low and just because there are more qualified males is no reason to complain.

Women are not discriminated and I would happily have a qualified women in the CTO position believe me. Just running into one is like finding a needle in a haystack.

And thus you lose

This article wansn't so bad but I'm sick of all of these feminazzi complaints about inequality.

Congratulations, you've just invoked Godwin's Law and thus forfeit this debate.

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Crossover crowd

Ma'am, I applaud you.

Give it a break

In the scientific literature, there's two general trends based on empirical evidence and correlated with neurological evidence:
1) Women tend to do better on the 'soft' skills, and are better at multi-tasking.
2) Men tend to do better on the 'hard' skills, and can be more focused on a single task.

That's not to say that either men or women are better in any way, simply that men and women are different.

Surprisingly, this means that men and women *tend* to be better at different jobs. There will of course be exceptions.

So jobs which are very mathematical or scientific, and require intense focus have men gravitate towards them because men *tend* to be better at those jobs. Such jobs include programming.

But jobs which require good inter-personal skills and multi-tasking have women gravitate towards them because women *tend* to be better at those jobs. Such jobs include business analysis.

Management is a separate issue altogether. The management skills required in any given situation vary; there are times when a stereotypical masculine approach is needed amd there are times when a stereotypical feminine approaches are needed. There's a great deal of literature on the optimal management type for a given worker type. Go read it if you're interested.

As a manager, I care greatly about the lack of women in the IT workforce because the participation rate of women in the overall workforce is increasing and the participation rate of men in the overall workforce is decreasing. This means that more women than men are going to be in the workforce. If you are only successfull at recruiting men, it means that you are going to be recruiting from a shrinking candidate pool.

So do you really want to be in charge if you've got no one to do the work? Male or female?

Yes, there are some IT workplaces which are sexist. There are also IT workplaces which aren't. The issue there is a workplace that tolerates discrimination, harassment and bullying. The issue is not what the gender balance is.

Terrific examples

I love that the examples given were a woman "who had a traumatic childhood", a woman doesn't like her current IT job, and a woman who took IT as the next best thing to make money, after law?

Where're the examples from women who _like_ their IT jobs, and like them because of the job, rather than because they were traumatised or really didn't care what they did? Those are the examples we should be sampling.

I hope the entire (tiny tiny) sample set wasn't of these sort of mindsets, but if not, why not use one of the better examples as an example?

Who cares?

First, this article really says very little about anything:

"Human-resources personnel need to recognize that women have diverse values and motivations throughout their careers and tailor hiring and retention practices to fit those needs"

No s**t? Women are somehow unique there?

Next, why isn't there an uproar about the lack of men in nursing, veterinary medicine, or education?

Answer? Who cares? Last time I checked, men and women are different. Is there something wrong with that?

"Next, why isn't there an

"Next, why isn't there an uproar about the lack of men in nursing, veterinary medicine, or education?"

Because when men choose a "non-traditional" career, they're generally not getting harassed, facing hostile work environments, and getting paid less than their peers for the same job.

I am a woman who has been in IT and electronics for 11+ years, and almost every woman I've met in these fields has told me she's in the same boat as me. We love the technology, we happily spend hours and hours outside of work time keeping up with what's new, we love the work we do. The problem is not the skills required or lack of true enjoyment of technology. What ruins it for us are the trolls, the harassment, the hostility, the snide comments, and the complete lack of respect from a relatively small percentage of men. When we leave IT, or consider leaving IT, that is THE reason cited above all others. You just get tired of dealing with obnoxious behavior all the time. Many of the posts on this page are a perfect example of the attitudes we have to deal with on a daily basis. After a while, it just gets old and you want a job where you can just go do your thing without having people in your face about it all the time.

Who cares - the other IT

Who cares - the other IT guys (and I guess the CS profs who did this study), they want to meet women, preferabley cute, that can talk bits and bytes ;-)

so women wants jobs that

so women wants jobs that have no promotion prospects and zero job security? Don't see anyone stopping them.

My personality must be broken

After reading this article, I tried to identify any of those "soft-skills" in myself. I couldn't think of any: I don't multitask well, I like projects, and rarely gossip. I very much dis-like having to talk to anyone at all before 9am. If someone interrupts me in the middle of a project I continue to work until they go away. I work in a place with about 30 people and there are only 2 women (myself included). I don't like to generalize and I don't like being lumped in with the "soft-skilled" females but I have to admit, I would much rather work with 30 other men than 30 other women. I've never had to steer-clear of any of my male co-workers because they were having a bitchy day. Anyhow, my point is there ARE women who have the kinds of personalities and skills that fit with IT but (in my case at least) no one suggested that I might like IT back in high-school when it came time to choose a career, so I went to school for something else and fell into an IT job afterwards. I'm not saying that parents, teachers & guidance counselors are steering females away from IT, but I don't think they're suggesting it either.

Maybe more women would go

Maybe more women would go into science if we got toys like leggos instead of stupid dolls.

I had to steal the fun toys from my brother to get to play with them. I think the formulation of our brains starts early, and the ridiculous emphasis on dolls during a part of our lives when we are learning how to think is detrimental.

Fortunately, I did steal the fun toys, and am now a programmer/engineer.

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issue?

lol why is this an issue all of the sudden. This IS NOT AN ISSUE, just an observation.

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